Origin: Chikungunya Disease was first observed in 1952 during an outbreak in United Republic of Tanzania, whereas its outbreak caused in India around 1970s.
Overview of Chikungunya
Origin: Chikungunya Disease was first observed in 1952 during an outbreak in United Republic of Tanzania, whereas its outbreak caused in India around 1970s.
Causative agent of Chikungunya disease: Chikungunya is a mosquito borne disease, which is caused byChikungunya virus (CHIKV), of genus Alphavirus and family Tagoviridae.
Genetic material of Chikungunya Virus: Single stranded positive strand RNA virus.
Action and Pathway of Chikungunya Virus: Macropinocytosis is the main pathway for the entry of Chikungunya Virus inside human body. Macropinocytosis, followed by attachment associated with Glycosaminoglycans, and then endocytosis occurs with Clathrin and PHB Mxra8, and lastly release of viral RNA genome.
Mode of Transmission: The virus of Chikungunya disease or fever is spread by Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is specifically day-biting.
Death tolls all over the world:According to the report of European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, death rate due to Chikungunya is around 400 out of 5 lakh Chikungunya cases.
Symptoms of Chikungunya Disease
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, symptoms for Chikungunya Fever or Disease, which need medical consultation, are standardized as follows:
- Fever and Chills
- Joint Pains
- Cough
- Difficulty in Breathing
- Joint Swelling
- Rashes
Prevention of Chikungunya Disease
Chikungunya disease can be prevented by maintaining some simple measures, which are listed below:
- Keeping yourself away from mosquito bite, using mosquito net always
- Use of insect repellent like DEET, oil of lemon eucalyptus
- Wear covered clothes, loose fitting and long sleeved shirts
- Use of chemicals and insecticides to control the growth of mosquito outdoors
- Inhibiting mosquitoes from entering into the house
Diagnosis of Chikungunya Disease: Molecular detection of Chikungunya Virus
Directions for sample collection:
- No such directions to be maintained by the patient.
- For the healthcare professional who is collecting the sample from the patient should wear covered clothes.
Types of samples to be collected for diagnosis:
- Blood (For PCR technique we need heparinized whole blood)
- Serum
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Diagnosis ways for Chikungunya Disease:
- Virus isolation
- IgM-MAC-ELISA
- Real Time PCR (RT-PCR)
Best Technique for the diagnosis of Chikungunya Disease
Real Time PCR or RT-PCR is the best way for the confirmatory detection of Chikungunya virus in the concerned sample.
What is Real Time RT-PCR?
Real Time -PCR is a highly accurate and sensitive technique to detect Chikungunya disease, where a definite targeted gene sequence is amplified to numerous numbers and detected by fluorescent probes.
Steps of Real Time-PCR
- Extraction: Samples are treated with chemicals to have extracted nucleic acid from them, i.e., Ribonucleic acid (RNA) in case of Chikungunya disease, which is caused due to a RNA virus.
- Reverse Transcription: The extracted nucleic acid, RNA, is then reversely transcribed to form DNA.
- Performing Polymerase Chain Reaction:Denaturation, Annealing, Extension or Amplification of the targeted genetic region for the diagnosis of the virus
- Repetition of the cycle: Total number of cycle for the process will be 40.
- Time of report: The report for Chikungunya disease diagnosis with Real Time -PCR technique is 24 hours.
Obtaining result: The sensitivity and reproducibility of result is optimized using standards and the obtained record of amplification of concerned gene will be analyzed by Molecular Biologist, followed by final medical advisory by Doctor.
- Indication of Positive and Negative Result: The amplification of concerned viral gene segment indicates positive result for the presence of Chikungunya Virus, whereas, it will be considered negative for opposite condition.
Risk-Factor Associated With Chikungunya Disease Testing
For patient, there is no risk or side effects associated with the Chikungunya Disease Real Time-PCR test.
Real Time-PCR test for Chikungunya Disease at Ganesh Diagnostic and Imaging Centre
Ganesh Diagnostic and Imaging Centre, a renowned and leading medical diagnostic laboratory in India, is having the best and highest accurate Real Time-PCR machine, to diagnose Chikungunya Disease in the most reliable way, reasonable price, and less time.
Latest Real Time -PCR machines used for diagnosis of Chikungunya Disease are listed here:
- Truelab Quattro Real-Time Quantitative PCR Machine
- CFX96 Bio-Rad Real-Time PCR Machine
- Genetix HT 96 Purifier Machine
- Genetix 32 purifier machine
- Biorad CFX96 Real Time System
- Truelab® Uno Dx Real Time Quantitative Micro Pcr Analyzer
Why to choose Ganesh Diagnostic and Imaging Centre for Real Time PCR Test to diagnose Chikungunya Disease?
- NABL, NABH accredited laboratory
- 24×365 open for patients of any kind of test, with availability of expert staffs
- Free home collection of all types of samples by Expert technicians and phlebotomists.
- Master Technicians at all departments
- Doctorate (Ph.D. & MD) Scientific officers and In-charges at all departments
- 50% Discount at kind of tests of all departments
- Online availabilityof reports for all kinds of tests.
- Extra-caring and helpful staffs
- Ambulance availability for patients 24×365 free of cost
- Free transport facility for patients who come from distant locations
Book your appointment now!
Frequently asked questions
Can Chikungunya be severe to cause death?
Generally, Chikungunya does not cause severe conditions and death. But, when the disease remains untreated, then it can cause severe weakened immunity and death.
What causes Chikungunya?
Aedes aegyptii mosquito bite causes Chikungunya fever or disease. This mosquito bites infected person and then bites a healthy person thus transporting the virus and causing the disease.
Can Chikungunya cause for second time?
No, Chikungunya causes only once, because our body gets immunized against the Chikungunya virus after the first attack. So, it is very rare that Chikungunya happens 2 or multiple times in same human body.
What are the symptoms of Chikungunya?
The primary symptoms consist of fever, dehydration, problems in digestion, and troubles in waking up from sleep. The secondary symptoms of Chikungunya in human being consist of joint pain with joint swelling, severe fever, rashes with itching, etc.
Who are the sources or reservoir of Chikungunya virus?
Humans are the primary source or reservoir for Chikungunya virus. The Aedes mosquito which is considered as the reason for the spreading of the disease, acts as carrier of the virus from one human body to the other.
How to stay healthy during Chikungunya fever?
Do not eat too much sugary foods, eat fruits and juices, have fresh vegetables in the diet, try to get enough sleep within the whole day cycle.
