Through this article, we shall dive into the depths of blood groups and the most common and rare blood groups pertaining to India.
The inherited genes that we get from our parents determine our blood group. In the Indian population, there are certain blood groups that are more common. On the other hand, there are other blood groups that stand rare. There is an antigen present on the surface of the RBCs (Red Blood Cells), these antigens determine the type or blood group in an individual.
What Are the Types of Blood Groups Present?
There is an antigen present on the surface of RBCs and there is an Rh factor present on RBC. Both of these determine the blood group of an individual. The presence of antigen and antibody determines the basis of the ABO blood group system. According to this system, there are four main types of blood group:
|
S.No. |
Blood Group |
Antigen |
Antibody |
Rh Factor (antigen D) |
|
1. |
A- |
A |
anti-B |
Absent |
|
2. |
A+ |
A |
anti-B |
Present |
|
3. |
B- |
B |
anti-A |
Absent |
|
4. |
B+ |
B |
anti-A |
Present |
|
5. |
O- |
None |
anti-B, anti-A |
Absent |
|
6. |
O+ |
None |
anti-B, anti-A |
Present |
|
7. |
AB- |
B and A |
None |
Absent |
|
8. |
AB+ |
B and A |
None |
Present |
What Are the Most Common and Rare Blood Groups in India?
The data calculation for the occurrence of common blood groups and rare blood groups are discussed below. These are tabulated by taking reference from the NHS- National Health Services. The blood groups presence calculation in Indian population was conducted on December 2018:
|
S.No. |
Blood Group |
Percentage occurrence in Indian population |
|
1. |
O+ |
35% |
|
2. |
O- |
13% |
|
3. |
A+ |
30% |
|
4. |
A- |
8% |
|
5. |
B- |
2% |
|
6. |
B+ |
8% |
|
7. |
AB- |
1% |
|
8. |
AB+ |
2% |
Rare Blood Groups in India
Id a particular blood group occurs in one person among a 1000 people random sample, then the blood group is considered to be rare blood group. The AB- blood group in the ABO blood grouping system is considered as the rarest blood group in the Indian population. Only 1% of the Indian population possesses AB- blood group. There are certain other blood groups that are among the rare blood groups present in the Indian population, these include:
- -D-/-D- phenotype: In this type of blood group, all the types of Rh antigens are absent, except for the D antigen.
- Bombay or Oh phenotype blood group: In each year, there are only 10 reported persons that contain Bombay type blood group. The National Institute of Immunohaematology has reported these readings, it is a part of the ICMR- The Indian Council of Medical Research.
- a+b- phenotype blood group.
- (Co(a-b-)) Colton-null phenotype type blood group.
- ABH antigens blood groups having weak antigens.
- I-i- phenotype blood group: This phenotype is present in 1 person in every 1000 people group. It is among the Mumbai population.
Common Blood Groups in India
The blood groups that are present in the majority of the Indian population are referred to as the common types of blood groups. Blood banks usually contain these blood groups in sufficient amounts that make them easily available. The commonest blood group present in the Indian population is blood group- O+. it is present in almost 35% of the Indian population.
Takeaway
The appearance of blood is same despite different blood groups, the bloos group in different individuals is determined by the genetic constitution. Knowing own’s blood group can help greatly in case of emergencies. 8 types of blood groups are present in the Indian population that depends on the antigen and Rh factor presence in their blood. Now that we have discussed all the blood groups, you can know if you fall in the most prevalent or the rarest blood groups.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What Are the Rarest Forms of Blood Types in India?
The AB- B-, A-, and AB+ are amongst the Rh null blood groups. These are the rarest blood types in India.
Which Blood Group is Most Common?
The O blood group in India is the most common blood group.
Is the Positive Blood Group More Common?
77% of the Indian population has Rh positive blood group.
