In this blog we will read about the tendinosis and its symptoms and causes in detail.
Tendinosis is typically a longer-term, degenerative condition that affects the tendons, which are the thick fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bones. It’s often considered a type of chronic tendinopathy (a more general term for tendon injuries), results from the degeneration of the tendon tissue rather than inflammation.,Understanding the symptoms and causes of tendinosis can help with both early detection and management.
What Are the Symptoms of Tendinosis?
The symptoms of tendinosis can vary depending on which tendon is affected, but common signs include:
Pain and Tenderness
A dull or aching pain that becomes worse with activity, especially repetitive movements or overuse.which may become more persistent over time, occurring even during periods of rest.
Stiffness
The affected area may feel stiff, especially after prolonged inactivity or in the morning and may decrease as the tendon is used, but it may return with activity or during rest periods.
Weakness
A feeling of weakness in the muscle or joint that the tendon is associated with which causes difficulty in standing on tiptoe or walking uphill the weakness may result from reduced tendon strength or pain limiting the ability to use the muscle fully.
Swelling or Thickening
In some cases, the affected tendon may appear swollen or thickened, though not always. Unlike tendinitis, which may show clear inflammation and redness in the affected tendon.
Decreased Range of Motion
The tendon may become less flexible due to limitation in the range of motion in the affected joint. For example, if the rotator cuff tendons are involved, shoulder mobility may be restricted.
Crepitus (Popping or Grating Sensation)
A sensation of grating or popping when moving the affected joint can occur, especially in conditions like patellar tendinosis (knee) or Achilles tendinosis (ankle).
What are the Causes of Tendinosis?
Tendinosis is primarily caused by repetitive strain and overuse of a tendon over an extended period. While inflammation in the tendon is often related to short-term response to injury, tendinosis involves degenerative changes in the tendon tissue due to long-term wear and tear. The condition is most commonly seen in tendons that are subjected to repetitive motion or excessive stress. The key causes include:
Overuse and Repetitive Motion
Vigorous activities such as running, tennis, or swimming, can lead to tendinosis which results in microtears in the tissue that eventually lead to degeneration.
Age
As we age, the tendons lose some of their elasticity and ability to repair themselves. This makes them more susceptible to damage and degeneration and is more common in people over the age of 40 due to the natural aging process of tendon tissues.
Bad posture
Improper biomechanics, whether during sports or daily activities, can contribute to increased stress on specific tendons, leading to degenerative changes. Poor posture while sitting, standing, or walking can strain tendons and increase the risk of developing tendinosis.
Previous Injuries or trauma
Repeated or untreated tendon injuries can increase the likelihood of developing tendinosis. A previous acute tendon injury that was not properly rehabilitated may lead to chronic degenerative changes.
Incorrect Footwear
In sports, particularly running or tennis, wearing shoes that do not provide adequate support can increase stress on the tendons. Similarly, poorly fitted work shoes can contribute to strain on the tendons in the feet and legs.Imbalances in Muscle Strength or Flexibility
Underlying Health Conditions
Certain medical conditions can predispose individuals to tendinosis, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and obesity. These conditions can affect the health of the tendons and their ability to recover from stress or injury.
People with metabolic conditions may have altered collagen production, leading to weakened tendon structures over time.
Environmental Factors
Extreme temperatures (either hot or cold) can make tendons more prone to injury. Cold weather, for example, may cause muscles and tendons to stiffen, increasing the risk of strain. Likewise, sudden increases in activity or inappropriate warm-ups before exercise can stress the tendons.
What is the diagnosis of Tendinosis?
- Medical History: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, activities, and any previous injuries.
- Physical Examination: The doctor may palpate (feel) the affected tendon and ask you to move the joint to identify tenderness, weakness, or limited range of motion.
- Imaging Tests: X-rays knee may be used to rule out other conditions, while ultrasound or MRI Knee can reveal changes in tendon structure, such as thickening or microtears, that are indicative of tendinosis.
What is the Treatment for Tendinosis?
Treatment for tendinosis typically focuses on reducing the symptoms, promoting healing, and preventing further damage. Options include:
- Rest and Activity Modification: Reducing or avoiding activities that strain the affected tendon.
- Physical Therapy: Targeted exercises to strengthen the muscles around the tendon, improve flexibility, and reduce strain on the tendon.
- Eccentric Strengthening: Exercises that lengthen the tendon while it is under load, which have been shown to be particularly effective in treating tendinosis.
- Ice and Heat Therapy: Ice may help alleviate pain and swelling in the early stages, while heat can promote blood flow and healing later on.
- Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or pain relievers may help with pain management, though they are typically less effective for tendinosis than for tendinitis since the condition is non-inflammatory.
- Corticosteroid Injections: In some cases, corticosteroids may be used to reduce pain and swelling, although they are less frequently used for tendinosis due to their potential to weaken tendon tissue over time.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: Injections of your own blood plasma, which is rich in growth factors, may help stimulate tendon healing.
- Surgery: If conservative treatments fail and the symptoms persist, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove degenerated tissue and promote healing.
Conclusion
Tendinosis is a common condition that results from chronic tendon degeneration due to repetitive strain, aging, and overuse. While it may cause pain, stiffness, and weakness, the good news is that early diagnosis and appropriate treatment—such as physical therapy, rest, and strengthening exercises—can significantly improve the condition. If you’re experiencing ongoing pain in your tendons, especially after repetitive activities, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.
