Ultrasound imaging also known as ultrasonography or sonography or USG test is an imaging tool that utilizes sound waves and a computer to produce images (often known as sonogram) of soft tissues, organs and other structures...
Ultrasound imaging also known as ultrasonography or sonography or USG test is an imaging tool that utilizes sound waves and a computer to produce images (often known as sonogram) of soft tissues, organs and other structures inside your body. It helps in the identification and evaluation of many diseases/disorders or conditions affecting different parts of your body.
It is a rapid, painless, non-invasive and safe technique that doesn’t utilize ionizing radiations or intravenous/oral contrast agents which are usually used in the other imaging tests such as in X-rays or CT (Computed tomography) scans.
Most ultrasonography/USG scans are performed using a handheld transducer which is placed outside your body. However, in certain cases, the transducer is kept inside your body to obtain more clear pictures and the ultrasound scan is named according to the body part where the transducer is kept such as:
1) Transvaginal ultrasound- Usually done for visualization of Uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes and ovaries..
2) Transrectal ultrasound- Usually done for visualization of prostate gland.
3) TEE (Transesophageal echocardiography)- It is done for evaluation of heart.
An ultrasound scan is frequently used for the examination and evaluation of internal body organs and structures. Indications of different types of USG/sonography includes:
A) Diagnostic ultrasonography- Used for the identification and diagnosis of diseases or conditions affecting your body organs and associated structures including:
1)Gall bladder diseases such as gall stones , cholecystitis etc.
2)Liver diseases- such as abscess or enlargement
3) kidney diseases such as cysts, infections, obstructions.
4)Intestinal diseases such as intestinal obstructions, appendicitis.
5) Pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis.
B) Obstetrical ultrasound- It is used to-
1)Confirm pregnancy
2)To monitor growth of developing fetus.
3) To evaluate amniotic fluid volume
4)To Know the type of gestation such as twin pregnancy
5) To screen for genetic disorders such as Down syndrome.
6)To detect abnormal pregnancy such as ectopic pregnancy ,cryptic pregnancy or molar pregnancy etc.
C) To differentiate solid and cystic lesions.
D) To identify obstructions or compressions of internal body organs and blood vessels.
E) USG is also required to guide procedure such as USG guided biopsy, USG guided drainage or sample fluid/tissue collection.
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