Neuronal (Paraneoplastic) Autoantibodies Profile Advanced Test Cost & Procedure

It is a test used to detect antibodies formed against neuronal antigen in the paraneoplastic syndrome. it is used for diagnosis of neuronal disoders such as breast cancer, lung cancer, ovary cancer, thymoma cancer and hodgkin lymphoma.

Antibodies

Antibodies are immunoglobulins which are formed by the body against invading foreign substances, these foreign substances are known as antigen. When antibodies act against the body’s own cells  are called autoantibodies.

Paraneoplastic test 

It is used to diagnose neuronal paraneoplastic syndrome.

Paraneoplastic syndrome

It is a group of disorders that are caused by abnormal autoimmune responses in which antibodies attack against normal cells of the nervous system. These disorders reflect a patient’s immune response against cancer that are due to remote effects of malignant tumours.

Commonly affected age groups

It is prevalent in middle aged or older persons.

Symptoms of paraneoplastic syndrome

• Difficulty in walking
• Dysphagia
• Seizures
• Hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Slurring of speech
• Memory loss
• Vision problems
• Sensory loss in the limbs
• Difficulties in sleep
• Vertigo

Paraneoplastic syndromes include

• Stiff-Person Syndrome
• Opsoclonus
• Encephalomyelitis
• Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
• Cerebellar Degeneration
• Brainstem Encephalitis
• Neuromyotonia
• Sensory Neuropathy
• Myasthenia gravis

Pathophysiology of paraneoplastic syndrome

In this body forms antibodies to eliminate tumour cells from the body but these antibodies attack against normal neuronal cells and tissues.

Why paraneoplastic antibody test

• To differentiate autoimmune neroligical disorders
• To monitor the response of seeopositive patient
• To detect early evidence of cancer reoccurrence

Components of neuronal antibody profile test.

It is used to determine auto-antibodies against 12 different antigens which are

1. CV2-positive in small cell lung cancer
2. PNMA2 (Ma2/Ta)-positive in seminoma
3. Amphiphysin-positive in breast
4. Recoverin- small cell lung cancer
5. SOX1- small cell lung cancer
6. Hu-positive in small cell lung cancer or neuroblastoma
7. Titin-thymoma
8. GAD65- small cell lung cancer/breast cancer/colon cancer
9. Yo-positive in ovary/breast cancer or uterine cancer
10. Tr (DNER)-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
11. Ri-positive in small cell lung cancer or breast cance
12. Anti Zic4

Treatment of paraneoplastic syndrome

Plasmapheresis- it is a process used to clear out antibodies from blood to provide relief from symptoms.

Speech and physical therapy

Immunosuppressant can also be used.