T(12;21) (p13;q22); ETV6-RUNX1 (TEL-AML1) PCR Qualitative Test Cost & Procedure

This test is used to detect the cytogenetically Cryptic translocation seen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children.

What is t(12;21) (p13;q22)?

This is a type of translocation of chromosomes seen in lymphoblastic leukemia of children.

What is (ETV6-RUNX1)?

It is chromosomal alteration seen in children with B-ALL. They possess good prognosis. Secondary mutations are also seen, which makes leukemia more dangerous.

Leukemia:

• Leukos: "White"
• Blood: "Haima"

This is a condition in which the DNA present in the cells of your bone marrow mutates and cannot function appropriately.

It is a blood cancer with frequent growth of blood cells. It cannot be diagnosed by X-ray or CT scan as it does not appear as a mass.

Cause of leukemia:

The blood cells start leukemia when they abnormally start growing. The blood cells present are :

• Platelets
• White blood cells
• Stem cells
• Red blood cells

Types of Leukemia:

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia:

• Mainly seen in infants

Acute myeloid Leukemia:

• Mostly seen in adults

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia:

• Mainly seen in adults who are more than 65 years.

Chronic myeloid Leukemia:

• Rarely seen in children.
• No symptoms were seen.

Classification based on the speed of progression of the disease:

Chronic LeukemiaBothas both mature and immature blood cell involvement.

• More often seen in adults.
• Shows no symptoms for a long Time.
• Slowly progresses

Acute Leukemia:

• The abnormal cells divide very rapidly.
• Shows symptoms of weakness within a few days.
• Fatal disease
• Fast-progressing disease.
• Mainly seen in Children

Classification based on cell type:

• Lymphocytic Leukaemia
• Myeloid leukemia

Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia(ALL):

>>This is a blood cancer and affects the bone marrow too.
>>It is said to be cute as it has a shown fast progression to make immature cells.
>>It is a type of leukemia seen mainly in children.

The significant symptoms seen are:

• Fever
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Bone pain
• Bruising
• Gum bleeding
• Recurrent infections
• Nausea
• Dark skin
• Weakness
• Difficulty in breathing

Why is this test done?

The translocation of chromosomes often produces tumors in the genes. Even deletions and inversions can also cause sarcomas and lymphomas. This test helps manage the patient with acute Lymphocytic leukemia by detecting the mutations.